Sinus area:-

Sinus is an air filled cavity. We have about 7 sinuses in the head. Areas around the temple, around the cheek, areas around the back of Maxilla.(includes upper molars and pre-molars) Any inflammation of the sinus area leads to a disease namely sinusitis. If it is connected with tooth pain, it can be a sinusitis at the back of Maxilla.

Maxillary area:-

The upper dentition which particularly includes the back molars and pre-molars.

Sinusitis

This disease generally occurs to a person who is prone to allergic symptoms. The tissue in the sinus gets inflamed. Other symptoms include running nose, severe headache, pain in areas around cheek. Fluid gets clogged in the sinus area. In our standing position, it is difficult for the fluid to drain out. Thus this pain of the maxillary sinus can cause severe pressure at the back of the Maxilla, resulting in a tooth ache.

Tooth ache

If it is a periodontal disease, then you can see inflamed bleeding gums, cavities or any other similar symptom. This infection of the maxillary tooth might infect the upper maxillary sinus and cause sinusitis.

Thus this disease is reversible.
If there is disease in one area, there is a chance that the other area also gets affected.

Treatment for Sinusitis

The fluid can be drained out by consuming tablets containing antihistamines. You will have to consume tablets maybe from 7-10 days. In some particularly rare cases, a surgery might be needed.

Treatment for toothache

There are some homemade remedies for toothache:

• Applying clove oil in a cotton swab on the area. You will not feel the pain for one hour.
• Garlic treatment:-By applying garlic clove on the affected area.
• Ginger roots are considered a natural remedy for this.
• Turmeric paste also can be applied.

Apart from all these you should consult your dentist for a permanent solution to this problem.

Gum disease can usually be prevented by good and careful teeth cleaning and regular cleanings or scale and polishes with your dentist or hygienist. Decayed teeth, which hold bacteria that can spread throughout the body, also can make a child more susceptible to other problems, such as ear and sinus infections. Gum disease is a threat to your oral health. Gum disease begins with plaque, which is always forming on your teeth, without you even knowing it. Gingivitis and periodontitis are the two main stages of gum disease. People usually don’t show signs of gum disease until they are in their 30s or 40s.

Gum disease is a condition that causes inflamed gums, rotting them slowly away, and, if left untreated, then it can destroy the whole structure of the mouth and jaw. Gingivitis is actually a gum infection. Early stages will appear as swollen, red, sensitive teeth and gums, and it can progress rapidly from there. Once it is contracted, it can become a chronic problem for some people. In later stages of it, a puss-like discharge can appear on the gums.

The causes of this illness can vary. The number one cause is poor dental hygiene. What happens in this case is that plaque builds up from infrequent brushing, and in time, turns into tartar. The tartar is an irritant to the gums, which then causes the swelling and irritation. Smokers are at least twice as likely to get some kind of gum disease.

There are different types of gum disease:

• Gingivitis: – Gingivitis is the type of gum disease that is on its early stage. Gingivitis is frequently caused by poor oral hygiene which eventually will lead to the build up of plaque and tartar. Gingivitis, if diagnosed early, can be treated and reversed. Red, swollen and puffy gums are indications of gingivitis. A lot of factors contribute to this type of gum disease. Diabetes, smoking, aging, genetic predisposition, stress, poor nutrition, hormonal fluctuations and certain medications are just a few of the factors. If gingivitis is left untreated it will lead to other types of gum disease that is on the advanced stage.

• Aggressive Periodontitis: - Aggressive periodontitis is one of the types of gum disease that experience painless gingival inflammation and damage of the bone around the teeth. Others tend to consider the painless bleeding of the gums after cleaning the teeth as insignificant. This is considered one of the indications of this type of gum disease.

• Chronic Periodontitis: – Chronic Periodontitis is one of the types of gum disease that results in the inflammation within the attachment fibers and supporting bone damage. This type of gum disease is common among adults but it can also occur at any age. The progress of the attachment loss of this type of gum disease is commonly slow but episodes of swift progressions may tend to come about.

Treatments for Gum Disease

Surgical Treatments for Gum Disease

Some treatments for gum disease are surgical. Some examples are:

• Flap surgery/pocket reduction surgery: – During this procedure the gums are lifted back and the tarter is removed. In some cases, irregular surfaces of the damaged bone are smoothed to limit areas where disease-causing bacteria can hide.

• Bone grafts: – Involves using fragments of your own bone, synthetic bone, or donated bone to replace bone destroyed by gum disease. The grafts serve as a platform for the regrowth of bone, which restores stability to teeth. New technology, called tissue engineering, encourages your own body to regenerate bone and tissue at an accelerated rate.

• Soft tissue grafts: – This procedure reinforces thin gums or fills in places where gums have receded. Grafted tissue, most often taken from the roof of the mouth, is stitched in place, adding tissue to the affected area.

• Guided tissue regeneration: – Performed when the bone supporting your teeth has been destroyed, this procedure stimulates bone and gum tissue growth. This keeps the gum tissue from growing into the area where the bone should be, allowing the bone and connective tissue to regrow to better support the teeth.

• Bone surgery: – Smoothes shallow craters in the bone due to moderate and advanced bone loss. Following flap surgery, the bone around the tooth is reshaped to decrease the craters. This makes it harder for bacteria to collect and grow.

Non-surgical Treatments for Gum Disease

• Professional dental cleaning: – During a typical checkup your dentist or dental hygienist will remove the plaque and tartar (plaque that builds up and hardens on the tooth surface and can only be removed with professional cleaning) from above and below the gum line of all your teeth.

• Scaling and root planning:- This is a deep-cleaning, nonsurgical procedure, done under a local anesthetic, whereby plaque and tartar from above and below the gum line are scraped away and rough spots on the tooth root are made smooth. Smoothing the rough spots removes bacteria and provides a clean surface for the gums to reattach to the teeth. Scaling and root planning is done if your dentist or periodontist determines that you have plaque and calculus under the gums that needs to be removed.

Dental plaque formation starts almost immediately after tooth brushing. Some minutes after brushing your teeth, saliva derived glycoprotein deposits start to cover the tooth surface with what is referred to as “pellicle”. The formation of pellicle is the first step in dental plaque formation. The pellicle is then colonized by Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, and Actinomyces viscosus becoming what is known as dental plaque. Bacteria cells interact with pellicle components enabling plaque to firmly adhere to the tooth surface.

How does Plaque grow?

Plaque germs feed on many of the foods we eat. Carbohydrates and sugars are their favorites. When these germs stay on the teeth, they grow in number and form into clumps. Plaque produces acid as it feeds. This acid is the major cause of tooth decay and gum disease.

How can Plaque be controlled?

Some Plaque is removed by saliva or by movement of the tongue and cheeks over the teeth. Brushing and flossing every day can help to control plaque. Regular professional cleaning at your dentist office is the best way to keep plaque under control.

Follow these tips on how to remove plaque from teeth:

• Brush thoroughly at least twice a day, with a fluoride toothpaste, to remove plaque from your teeth
• Use dental floss daily to remove plaque from between your teeth and under your gum line, where your toothbrush may not reach
• Check your teeth with plaque disclosing tablets to ensure removing tooth plaque.
• Control your diet. Limit sugary or starchy foods, especially sticky snacks
• Ask your dentist or dental hygienist if your plaque removal techniques are ok.
• Visit your dentist regularly for professional cleanings and dental examinations

The main problem with sticky confectionery, such as toffee or dried fruit and with long-lasting boiled sweets, is that they remain in the mouth (and release sugar) for a long time, thereby increasing the likelihood of tooth decay. It is best, therefore, to eat sweets in moderation and to brush and floss your teeth regularly. If you must have sugary foods, restrict their consumption to immediately after meals, when increased saliva production makes them less harmful.

Another point often overlooked in dental health care for children is that children older than one year old should not be put to bed with feeding bottles containing fruit juice, sweetened tea, flavored or sweetened milk, or even cows milk. The flow of saliva slows during sleep and the liquid can stagnate on the teeth. The sooner a mother starts cleaning a child’s teeth – even if it is breastfed – the less chance of it developing tooth decay from food and drinks.

Foods that promote dental health care and especially lessen plaque formation are raw vegetables, nuts, popcorn, plain yoghurt and cheese. In fact, cheese is not only considered one of the best sources of calcium, but research has also shown that certain types – for example, aged Cheddar – protects the teeth against the acids that cause tooth decay.